If EV manufactured no later than 2030 will use low cost and abundant
materials in place of copper, nickel, cobalt, lithium and other minerals that
would be fine. Sales of new ICE cars are to be banned by 2035. At this time
even people on a decent salary can barely afford to rent a decent condo let
alone buying a house that allows them to charge a EV overnight. I guess
people have to await EV price coming down by half before we begin to
see meaningful migration away from ICE car ownership.
Why would you assume batteries continue to use heavy metals? It's not like the ICE in 1908 is the same as the ICE in 2024. They use completely different materials and components. Advancements that were made over decades.
.............................................
Like I said. Your assuming current conditions would last forever when that is never the case.