rocket thrust=mass flow rate×exit velocity+(exit pressure−free stream pressure)×exit arearocket thrust=mass flow rate×exit velocity+(exit pressure−free stream pressure)×exit area
Hmm. Whatever source you looked that up in must have forgotten to include friction. Strange.
Friction is a force exerted when two surfaces are in contact. No surface = no friction.
Friction that allows us to walk depends on gravity to convert our mass to weigh...
I'll stop you right there. When on a surface, friction is able to provide a resisting force. That resisting force could be a reaction force (a la Newton) and create an impulse. You have absolute no need to use friction for this purpose though when the normal force can do it (the reason nascar tracks are banked). You don't need friction to jump straight up and you don't need friction if you are pushing on a surface that isn't horizontal.
Rockets and for the most part jet engines work on conservation of momentum. Friction has nothing to do with it. Yes, when walking on a flat surface, you need something to exert an impulse and friction can serve that role but it is far from the only force that can cause an acceleration. The we have that whole thing about an object in motion where friction creates a force that STOPS motion.
And no, friction does not always depend on gravity; it depends on a normal force. For example, if you lean against a wall, the frictional force that resists you hand sliding up or down is dependent on the force you apply to the wall, not ghravity.
Look, you have no clue what you are talking about here. You may have gotten an okay mark in high school physics but you were either poorly taught, didn't learn, or forgot most everything.