The Constitution enumerates the one way of election by the Electoral College, the concession is given by the person conceding. The state legislatures ultimately decide who to send to the Electoral College.
Even in the case of concession, the Electoral College still meets.
Article II, Section 1, Clause 2 of the Constitution directs each
state to appoint a quantity of electors equal to that state's congressional delegation (members of the
House of Representatives plus two
Senators). The same clause empowers each
state legislature to determine the manner by which that state's electors are chosen but prohibits federal office holders from being named electors. Following the national presidential
election day on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November,
[13] each state, and the federal district, selects its electors according to its laws.
In 48 of the 50 states, state laws mandate the winner of the
plurality of its statewide popular vote shall receive all of that state's electors;
[14] in
Maine and
Nebraska, two electors are assigned in this manner, while the remaining electors are allocated based on the plurality of votes in each of their
congressional districts.
[15] The federal district,
Washington, D.C., allocates its 3 electoral votes to the winner of its single district election. States generally require electors to pledge to vote for that state's winning ticket; to avoid
faithless electors, most states have adopted various laws to enforce the electors’ pledge.
[16]
The electors of each state meet in their respective
state capitals on the first Monday after the second Wednesday of December to cast their votes.
[14] The results are sent to and counted by the
Congress, where they are tabulated in the first week of January before a
joint meeting of the Senate and the House of Representatives, presided over by the current vice president, as president of the Senate.
[14][17] Should a majority of votes not be cast for a candidate, a
contingent election takes place: the House holds a presidential election session, where one vote is cast by each of the fifty states; the Senate is responsible for electing the vice president, with each senator having one vote.
[18] The elected president and vice president are
inaugurated on January 20.