Houses primarily, but also securities. Most of that debt is mortgage debt used to buy a rapidly increasing asset. This is called capitalism. While high prices are difficult for new buyers, they're a payoff for the ones that own. Canada is one of the most desirable places in the world to live. Typically the best costs more. Peopke don't pay premiums for low quality. Living in Canada is the best product we make and so that's why so many peopke want to live and invest here. Sure you might do better as a professional in the US, but do you really want to live there?
As credit cards are the most popular form of payment in Canada, it’s not surprising that as of May 2023, the total credit card debt in Canada was $96.9 billion, and 42% of Canadians have credit card debts that are not paid off