Bed bugs are fucking evil, and they have evolved over thousands of years to be highly effective human predators.
They have evolved defenses to deal with ALL of the things we can throw at them, including our attempts to poison them. They are very, very good at eating us and getting away with it.
For example a few of them will wander off hundreds of feet from your bed and hibernate for six months just in case you decide to spray some poison around. After you think you've killed off the colony one of these fuckers will wake up, return to your bed, bite you, lay eggs, and start the whole infestation over again.
Once you have them you simply cannot get rid of them. They are nasty fucks.
They are good at hitching a ride in your suitcase and on your clothes (even the ones you are wearing) and they are resistant to most bug sprays and poisons that you could come up with. They are hard to find in your luggage, etc.
There is only one thing that kills them reliably: Heat.
If you think you have visited a place with bedbugs before returning to your own home:
(1) Throw out everything that you can afford to throw out
(2) Find a way to heat anything you wish to keep. For example, by boiling things or by putting clothes you wish to keep into a dryer and running it at high heat for an extended time so that the close come out scortching hot. Include the clothes you are wearing.
(3) Wipe down anything else with alcohol and visually inspect it for eggs. For example your wallet and credit cards.
In short do not fuck around or take chances because once these things catch a ride with you back to your home you are basically fucked.