If they do understand the difference, I do not see it in action. I dont see it on this board. I dont see it in the press and I do not see it when politicians speak about it. Hence the very valid criticism.
Israel is not a race. Israel is a multi-ethnic, multi-religious, pluralistic nation. Hence saying Israel controls politicians in the US, via their lobby groups, is not racist. Calling this anti-semitic is a tried and tested tactic used by the lobby groups because once they shut down dissent, they can do whatever they want.
The word apartheid was a S. African invention. The crime, was not invented by them. Infact the crime today is defined by the UN. There have been plenty of regimes that have practiced apartheid and discriminated against a section of society before and after S.Africa. One example of a country that has continued to practice apartheid after S.Africa is Israel.
Jews did not invent Zionism. Theodre Herzl did. It was he who garnered support for Zionism in Europe by reaching out to the rich and the powerful. Meanwhile a lot of Jewish people back then were antizionists. It went against their religious principles. Hence antizionism is the default Jewish position and calling antizionism antisemitic, is antisemitic.
I will let Benjamin Moser, a Pullitzer price winning JEWISH author, educate you.
There are different sects, practices and schools of thought within Islam. There are also Muslims who are religious, not so religious, secular etc.,
Judaism also lays down the law for how you should live and govern.
No religion leaves any room for dissent. Islam is no exception.
So anything that attempts to generalize any religion, or its followers, and any negative speech based on those generalizations is racism.
Therefore both Islamophobia and Antisemitism are forms of racism.
As has been explained to you multiple times, the only bodies with a mandate to determine what is genocide and what isn't are the ICJ for advisory opinions, ICC to prosecute individuals for war crimes and the independent UN special rapporteurs, who provide objective reports of conditions in conflict areas. UNGA and UNSC are just countries who make politically motivated decisions. Not objective ones.