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- Thread starter Ceiling Cat
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The big island rises 4,207 m above sea level. ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaii_(island). )
The water around Hawaii is up to 5,900 m deep ( https://productforums.google.com/forum/#!msg/gec-nature-science/C8c5rnYQE8E/xdjN0lCKI0oJ ) [ Contours are provided at 100-m intervals from 100 m to 5900 m (the lowest depth in the main Hawaiian islands) ]
Therefore the island rises up to 5,900 + 4,207 = 10,107 m (or 33,159 ft) above the Pacific Ocean floor. Your site is likely not written by a geologist and makes a very common mistake most geologists wouldn't.
Ceiling's original true/false thing was that the atmosphere limits the size that a mountain can go to. This was greeted by universal cries of false -- that the atmosphere has zero effect when it comes to determining what is the maximum height a mountain can be.
But the atmosphere does determine maximum mountain size, in the sense I explained -- namely:
If the mountain is immersed in water, the water pressure serves to contain the base of the mountain, and provides some resistance to its tendency to spread and slump. If the mountain is out of the water, it gets no such assistance.
Therefore, an in-water mountain can be higher than an out-of-water mountain. In that sense, whether the mountain is in the atmosphere or is in the sea is one of the many factors that determine the maximum height a mountain can reach.
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I'm not sure you even read my response fully or perhaps did not understand it. A column of water 5,900 m high has an equivelent weight to a column of sea floor ocean crust of about 1,950 m (SG of 1.0 vs. 3.0) so as you point out there is some significant pressure exerted by the water at that depth. Using your argument the Big island case would be equivalent to a 10,107 - 1950 = 8,157 m (or 26,762 ft.) high mountain in the atmosphere.
However, the water cannot exert the same confining force equivalent to that much rock. The rock has extreme resistance to shearing and can confine the spreading base of the volcano to a great degree. The water has virtually zero resistance to shear and the spreading base of the volcano can simply and easily shove it out of the way and displace the water to elsewhere in the ocean. The confining force of the water will therefore be very limited. Your explanation does not account for the lack of shear strength of water and the fact that it is not contained against the base of the mountain. It is free to move about the planet.
The fact that the highest point above sea level is currently just over 29,000 ft. does not in any way prove that that is the maximum or limiting height for a mountain (in the atmosphere or not). If you google the topic you will find a wide range of opinion as to what the maximum theoretical height of a mountain can be and many of the proposed solutions greatly exceed 29,000 ft. There is little agreement.
You can think of it as follows. imagine a stretchy rubber balloon containing a cubic metre of water. That’s equivalent to a right sphere of diameter 124cm.
Place the balloon on a flat surface. The bag stretches and spreads radially outwards. The balloon will stop spreading when an equilibrium is reached between the tension in the skin and the weight of the water. Let’s say that equilibrium occurs when the balloon has spread to a diameter of say 200cm -- and at the same time the height of the balloon has decreased to say 80cm.
Now, place the same balloon of water into a large tank of water. So now, the equilibrium between the tension in the balloon skin and the weight of the water resolves itself with the balloon forming a perfect sphere in the tank - horizontal diameter 124cm, vertical height 124cm.
The balloon in air has a height of 80cm. The balloon in water has a height of 124cm.
Now, place the same balloon in a small tank, in which the balloon rests on the floor of the tank, and part of the balloon is in the air. Now, the height of the balloon will be say 100cm and the spread diameter say 150cm.
As with balloons, so with mountains. Height in air is smaller than height in water.
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